采用焙烧-水浸法从报废锂离子动力电池中回收金属

兰州理工大学学报 ›› 2021, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (5): 10-18.

采用焙烧-水浸法从报废锂离子动力电池中回收金属

王大辉^*1,2, 张珂¹, 陈怀敬³, 刘振宁¹, 胡平平¹

1.兰州理工大学省部共建有色金属先进加工与再利用国家重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730050;
2.兰州理工大学材料科学与工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050;
3.兰州理工大学理学院, 甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2021-04-01 出版日期:2021-10-28 发布日期:2021-11-18
通讯作者: 王大辉(1972-),男,河南获嘉人,教授.Email:wangdh@lut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51864032)

Metal recovery from spent lithium-ion power batteries by roasting and water leaching method

WANG Da-hui^1,2, ZHANG Ke¹, CHEN Huai-jing³, LIU Zhen-ning¹, HU Ping-ping¹

1. State Key Laboratory of Advance Processing and Recycling of Nonferrous Metals, Lanzhou Univ. of Tech., Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. College of Materials Science and Engineering, Lanzhou Univ. of Tech., Lanzhou 730050, China;
3. College of Science, Lanzhou Univ. of Tech., Lanzhou 730050, China

Received:2021-04-01 Online:2021-10-28 Published:2021-11-18

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 锂离子动力电池在新能源汽车中已获得广泛应用,其报废后Li、Ni、Co、Mn等金属清洁高效回收对促进有色金属循环利用具有重要意义.从LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂为正极材料的锂离子动力电池中回收Li、Ni、Co、Mn,并采用TG-DSC、XRD、ICP-OES、XPS、热力学分析等研究了回收过程物相演变规律及影响金属回收率的主要因素.结果表明:由LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂与NaHSO₄·H₂O组成的混合物,经过焙烧后Li、Ni、Co、Mn元素的赋存状态发生改变,从不溶于水的复杂金属氧化物形式,转化为可溶于水的金属硫酸盐形式.焙烧产物在一定条件下用水浸出后,Li、Ni、Co、Mn元素以金属离子的形式转移到水溶液中获得回收.混合物的组成、焙烧温度对Li、Ni、Co、Mn元素在焙烧产物中的赋存形式呈现制约关系,也是影响Li、Ni、Co、Mn金属回收率的主要因素.

关键词: 报废锂离子动力电池, LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂, 焙烧-水浸出, 金属回收

Abstract: Lithium-ion power batteries have been widely used in new energy vehicles. The clean and efficient recovery of Li, Ni, Co, Mn and other metals after their scrap is of great significance to promote the recycling of non-ferrous metals. Li, Ni, Co, and Mn are recoveringfrom lithium-ion power batteries using LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ as the cathode material, and TG-DSC, XRD, ICP-OES, XPS, and thermodynamics and other studies is used to study the phase evolution law of the recycling process and the main factors which affect the metal recovery rate. The research results show that the mixture composed of LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂ and NaHSO₄·H₂O, the occurrence state of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn after roasting have been changed from the complex metal oxide form which is insoluble in water into the form of water-soluble metal sulfate. After roasting, the roasted product is leached with water under certain conditions, the elements Li, Ni, Co, and Mn are transferred to the aqueous solution in the form of metal ions for recovery. The composition of the mixture and the roasting temperature restrict the occurrence of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn elements in the roasted material, and are also the main factors affecting the recovery rate of Li, Ni, Co, and Mn; the roasting and water leaching process is adopted.

Key words: spent lithium-ion power battery, LiNi_0.5Co_0.2Mn_0.3O₂, roasting-water leaching, metal recovery

中图分类号:

TG450.40

王大辉, 张珂, 陈怀敬, 刘振宁, 胡平平. 采用焙烧-水浸法从报废锂离子动力电池中回收金属[J]. 兰州理工大学学报, 2021, 47(5): 10-18.

WANG Da-hui, ZHANG Ke, CHEN Huai-jing, LIU Zhen-ning, HU Ping-ping. Metal recovery from spent lithium-ion power batteries by roasting and water leaching method[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2021, 47(5): 10-18.

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