障碍物位置对离心泵空化抑制效果的数值研究

兰州理工大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (4): 51-59.

障碍物位置对离心泵空化抑制效果的数值研究

赵伟国^*1,2, 张佳瑜^1,2, 刘金晶^1,2, 闻天明^1,2

1.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050;
2.兰州理工大学甘肃省流体机械及系统重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2023-02-20 出版日期:2025-08-28 发布日期:2025-09-05
通讯作者: 赵伟国(1979-),男,山东东营人,博士,教授.Email:zhaowg@zju.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(52169018),甘肃省教育厅产业支撑计划项目(2021CYZC-27)

Numerical study of obstacle position on cavitation suppression ofcentrifugal pump

ZHAO Wei-guo^1,2, ZHANG Jia-yu^1,2, LIU Jin-jing^1,2, WEN Tian-ming^1,2

1. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and System of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

Received:2023-02-20 Online:2025-08-28 Published:2025-09-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了研究在叶片背面进口不同位置布置障碍物对离心泵空化抑制效果的影响,将比转速32的低比转速离心泵作为研究对象,提出了在叶片工作面中部布置障碍物的同时在叶片背面布置障碍物的方法,并运用修正的SST k-ω湍流模型和Zwart-Gerber-Belamri空化模型,分析叶片工作面和背面同时布置障碍物对空化抑制的效果和机理.结果表明:将障碍物布置在叶片背面叶轮半径35%处,抑制空化效果最好;与原型泵相比,在设计工况点最优方案的扬程降低了1.32%,效率降低了1.45%,断裂点扬程提高了21.57%.布置障碍物后叶轮内空泡体积明显减少,空化严重阶段减少量高达42.20%;在空化初生和发展阶段,进口位置和叶轮流道内的压力主频幅值降低,并在出口引起了小部分扰动;布置障碍物不仅改善了离心泵空化性能,还有助于减少湍动能损耗,使得离心泵内部流场更加稳定.

关键词: 离心泵, 空化抑制, 障碍物, 数值模拟, 空化性能, 湍动能

Abstract: In order to study the influence of obstacles placed at different positions on the cavitation suppression effect of a centrifugal pump, a low specific speed centrifugal pump with a specific speed of 32 was used as the research model. A method was proposed to place obstacles on the back of the blade on the basis of obstacles placed in the middle of the blade working face. Based on the modified SST k-ω turbulence model and Zwart-Gerber-Belamri cavitation model, the study on the cavitation suppression effect and mechanism of the obstacle structure on the blade face and back simultaneously were conducted. The results show that the best cavitation suppression effect is achieved when the obstacle is placed at 35% of the radius of the impeller on the back of the blade. The head and efficiency of the prototype pump and the optimal scheme are compared and analyzed. In the design condition, the head decreases by 1.32%, the efficiency decreases by 1.45%, and the breaking point head increases by 21.57%. The volume of cavitation in the impeller was significantly reduced after the obstacles were placed, and the reduction in the severe stage of cavitation was as high as 42.20%. At the initial and developmental stages of cavitation, the main frequency amplitude of pressure in the inlet and impeller passage is reduced, causing a small disturbance at the outlet position. The placement of obstacles not only improves the cavitation performance of the centrifugal pump but also helps to reduce turbulent kinetic energy loss, making the internal flow field of the centrifugal pump more stable.

Key words: centrifugal pump, cavitation suppression, obstacle, numerical simulation, cavitation performance, turbulent kinetic energy

中图分类号:

TH311

赵伟国, 张佳瑜, 刘金晶, 闻天明. 障碍物位置对离心泵空化抑制效果的数值研究[J]. 兰州理工大学学报, 2025, 51(4): 51-59.

ZHAO Wei-guo, ZHANG Jia-yu, LIU Jin-jing, WEN Tian-ming. Numerical study of obstacle position on cavitation suppression ofcentrifugal pump[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2025, 51(4): 51-59.

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