滴灌系统小流量迷宫式灌水器的水力特性及优化设计研究

兰州理工大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (6): 35-41.

滴灌系统小流量迷宫式灌水器的水力特性及优化设计研究

陈国雪^1,2, 冀宏^*1,2, 张建军^1,2, 陈吉庆^1,2, 李亚萍³, 杜斌³

1.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050;
2.兰州理工大学特种泵阀及流控系统教育部重点实验室, 甘肃兰州 730050;
3.甘肃亚盛亚美特节水有限公司, 甘肃兰州 730300

收稿日期:2025-04-07 发布日期:2025-12-31
通讯作者: 冀宏(1972-),男,陕西宁陕人,博士,教授.Email:jihong@lut.edu.cn
基金资助:
甘肃省科技重点研发计划项目(22YF7GA187),国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFD2301100)

Research on hydraulic characteristics and optimal design of small flow labyrinth channel emitters for drip irrigation system

CHEN Guo-xue^1,2, JI Hong^1,2, ZHANG Jian-jun^1,2, CHEN Ji-qing^1,2, LI Ya-ping³, DU Bin³

1. College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. Key Laboratory of Advanced Pumps, Valves and Fluid Control System of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
3. Gansu Yasheng Yamit Water-Saving Co. Ltd., Lanzhou 730300, China

Received:2025-04-07 Published:2025-12-31

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 灌水器作为滴灌系统的核心部件之一,其水力特性直接决定滴灌系统的灌溉效益.针对实际应用中迷宫式灌水器存在因流量过大而导致水肥流失严重、易堵塞等问题,采用数值模拟方法研究了灌水器复杂内流道的流场特性,分析了流道齿高、齿角度、深度、单元长度和齿顶间隙等结构参数对灌水器水力特性的影响,搭建了灌水器水力特性测试实验台,通过对比实验结果与模拟结果验证了数值计算的准确性.结果表明:流道齿高和齿角度对流量的影响很小,减小流道深度和单元长度可以减小灌水器的流量;相比改进前,兼顾抗堵塞性的小流量双流道灌水器的抗堵塞性提高了97.1%,流量减小了37.5%.

关键词: 滴灌系统, 灌水器, 水力特性, 小流量, 抗堵塞

Abstract: As one of the core components of the drip irrigation system, the hydraulic performance of the emitters directly determines the irrigation efficiency of the drip irrigation system. In practical applications, the labyrinth type emitters of the flow rate is too large, which leads to serious water and fertilizer loss, easy to clog the problem. To address these issues, numerical simulation methods were used here to study the flow field characteristics of the complex internal flow channel of the emitters. The influence of the structural parameters such as the height of the flow channel teeth, the angle of the teeth, the depth, the length of the cells, and the clearance at the top of the teeth on the hydraulic characteristics of the emitters was analyzed. A test rig was built to test the hydraulic characteristics of the emitters, and the accuracy of the numerical calculation was verified by comparing the test results with the simulation results. The results indicate that tooth height and tooth angle have minimal influence on flow rate, whereas reducing flow-channel depth and unit length effectively decreases discharge. The small-flow double channels emitter structure that takes into account clogging resistance, improves the clogging resistance by 97.1% and reduces the flow rate by 37.5% compared with the pre-improvement one.

Key words: drip irrigation system, emitters, hydraulic characteristics, small flow rate, anti-clogging

中图分类号:

S275.6

陈国雪, 冀宏, 张建军, 陈吉庆, 李亚萍, 杜斌. 滴灌系统小流量迷宫式灌水器的水力特性及优化设计研究[J]. 兰州理工大学学报, 2025, 51(6): 35-41.

CHEN Guo-xue, JI Hong, ZHANG Jian-jun, CHEN Ji-qing, LI Ya-ping, DU Bin. Research on hydraulic characteristics and optimal design of small flow labyrinth channel emitters for drip irrigation system[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2025, 51(6): 35-41.

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