电渗注浆在明长城加固片状剥离的应用研究

兰州理工大学学报 ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 109-119.

电渗注浆在明长城加固片状剥离的应用研究

崔凯^*1,2, 杜正祖^1,2, 乔倩³, 张国军⁴, 李淑桓^1,2

1.兰州理工大学西部土木工程防灾减灾教育部工程研究中心, 甘肃兰州 730050;
2.中国-吉尔吉斯斯坦文化遗产保护“一带一路”联合实验室, 甘肃敦煌 736200;
3.银川市文物管理处, 宁夏银川 750002;
4.中铁西北科学研究院有限公司, 甘肃兰州 730000

收稿日期:2022-05-26 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-03-05
通讯作者: 崔凯(1980-),男,山西宁武人,博士,教授,博导.Email:cuik09@lut.edu.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2025YFE0211602,2023YFF0905902),国家自然科学基金(52068050,41562015)

Application research on electro-osmosis grouting method in scaling off rammed-earth of the Ming Great Wall

CUI Kai^1,2, DU Zheng-zu^1,2, QIAO Qian³, ZHANG Guo-jun⁴, LI Shu-huan^1,2

1. Western Engineering Research Center of Disaster Mitigation in Civil Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China;
2. China-Kyrgyzstan Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Cultural Heritage Conservation, Dunhuang736200, China;
3. Yinchuan Cultural Relics Management Office, Yinchuan 750002, China;
4. China Railway Northwest Research Institute Co. Ltd., Lanzhou 730000, China

Received:2022-05-26 Online:2026-02-28 Published:2026-03-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 片状剥离病害在中国西北地区夯土长城上普遍发育,为延缓其对长城墙体的劣化进程,应通过试验探究更为有效的加固手段.根据剥离层厚度设置供液时间试验掌握了浆液到达预定位置的最佳供液时间为18h.随后通过供液方式优化试验,根据浆液所到达的位置、浆液渗入量以及墙体内水分分布情况优选出渗透效果最佳的供液方式.探究渗透目的达到时的加固效果,对加固区墙体在不同半径处取样,通过波速试验、硬度试验、风蚀试验和崩解试验对加固效果进行评价,最后通过扫描电镜对未加固土体和电渗注浆加固土体进行微观结构的观察,探究电渗注浆的加固机理.试验得到,间歇供液可以提高浆液分布的均匀性,降低沿径向的水分分布差异,浆液通断比t∶1的加固效果优于浆液通断比t∶2,从微观结构上可以发现加固后表观孔隙率显著降低.

关键词: 片状剥离, 电渗注浆, 间歇供液, 渗透, 加固

Abstract: Scaling off disease commonly develops in the rammed-earth Great Wall in Northwest China. In order to delay the deterioration process of the Great Wall, more effective reinforcement methods were explored through experiments. First, based on the measured thickness of peeling layers, a liquid-supply duration test was conducted to determine the optimal slurry supply time, which was identified as 18 h for achieving the intended penetration depth. Subsequently, liquid-supply optimization tests were performed, and the most favorable supply mode was selected according to the position of the slurry, the infiltration amount of the slurry, and the water distribution in the wall. To evaluate the reinforcement effect when the penetration purpose was achieved, samples from different radii of the wall in the reinforcement area were tested through wave-velocity test, hardness test, wind erosion test, and disintegration test. In addition, scanning electron microscopy was employed to compare the microstructures of untreated and electro-osmotic-reinforced specimens, aiming to elucidate the underlying strengthening mechanism. The results show that intermittent liquid supply can improve the uniformity of slurry distribution and reduce the difference of water distribution along the radial direction. What’s more, the reinforcement effect of slurry on-off ratio of t∶1 is better than t∶2. Microstructural analysis further reveals that the pores of the reinforced soil are obviously reduced significantly.

Key words: scaling off, electro-osmotic grouting, intermittent liquid supply, infiltration, reinforcement

中图分类号:

TU41

崔凯, 杜正祖, 乔倩, 张国军, 李淑桓. 电渗注浆在明长城加固片状剥离的应用研究[J]. 兰州理工大学学报, 2026, 52(1): 109-119.

CUI Kai, DU Zheng-zu, QIAO Qian, ZHANG Guo-jun, LI Shu-huan. Application research on electro-osmosis grouting method in scaling off rammed-earth of the Ming Great Wall[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2026, 52(1): 109-119.

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