为探究退火温度对019Cr21CuTiNb不锈钢组织与性能的演变,选取930、990、1 050 ℃进行试验.微观组织表征显示,随退火温度从930 ℃升至1 050 ℃,试验钢保持铁素体单相组织,晶粒发生再结晶,平均晶粒尺寸从63.64 μm增至121.34 μm,均匀化程度降低,再结晶晶粒增多,原因在于温度升高促使晶粒长大以及铌钛的碳氮化物部分溶解影响对晶界的钉扎作用.拉伸试验表明,930 ℃时屈服强度 260 MPa、抗拉强度423 MPa、延伸率28.8%、硬度194 HV,随退火温度升高,屈服强度和抗拉强度分别下降了14.2%和5.9%,延伸率增大了22.2%,综合性能930 ℃下更为适宜.
To explore the evolution of the microstructure and properties of 019Cr21CuTiNb stainless steel under different annealing temperatures, tests were conducted at 930, 990 and 1 050 °C. Microstructure characterization revealed that as the annealing temperature increased from 930 °C to 1 050 °C, the tested steel maintain a single ferritic single-phase structure, grain recrystallization occur, the average grain size grow from 63.64 μm to 121.34 μm, the degree of homogenization decrease, and the number of recrystallized grains increase. This is because the increase in temperature promote grain growth, and the partial dissolution of niobium-titanium carbonitrides which affect the pinning effect on grain boundaries. Tensile tests showed that at 930 °C, the yield strength is 260 MPa, the tensile strength is 423 MPa, the elongation is 28.8%, and the hardness is 194 HV. As the annealing temperature rose, the yield and tensile strength decreased by 14.2 % and 5.9 %, respectively, and elongation increase by 22.2 %. Considering the comprehensive properties, 930 °C is more suitable.
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