考虑保持架兜孔间隙的深沟球轴承打滑动力学建模与仿真分析

兰州理工大学学报 ›› 2025, Vol. 51 ›› Issue (5): 29-36.

考虑保持架兜孔间隙的深沟球轴承打滑动力学建模与仿真分析

罗伟, 剡昌锋^*, 刘耀峰, 田宇, 陈旺龙

兰州理工大学机电工程学院, 甘肃兰州 730050

收稿日期:2023-03-14 发布日期:2025-10-25
通讯作者: 剡昌锋(1974-),男,甘肃平凉人,博士,研究员,博导. Email:changf_yan@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金(51765034)

Skidding dynamic modeling and simulation analysis of deep groove ball bearing considering cage pocket clearance

LUO Wei, YAN Chang-feng, LIU Yao-feng, TIAN Yu, CHEN Wang-long

School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China

Received:2023-03-14 Published:2025-10-25

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 深沟球轴承在服役过程中存在无法避免的打滑现象,导致轴承磨损加剧,旋转精度降低,诱发轴承产生异常振动和噪声.为了揭示轴承的打滑机理,引入了保持架兜孔间隙参数,分析了滚动体与保持架单元、滚动体与滚道以及保持架单元之间的相互作用关系,建立了深沟球轴承打滑动力学模型.基于四阶Runge-Kutta法求解了动力学微分方程,获得了仿真信号,并且分析了仿真结果,研究了不同转速、径向载荷、柔性保持架单元之间等效刚度以及保持架兜孔间隙对轴承内圈与滚动体的打滑速度和保持架打滑率的影响.结果表明,高速低载加剧了轴承打滑,提高柔性保持架单元之间等效刚度或降低保持架兜孔间隙都可以缓解轴承打滑,当不考虑保持架兜孔间隙时轴承打滑更严重.该研究可为深沟球轴承的结构设计和失效分析提供理论依据.

关键词: 深沟球轴承, 动力学建模, 保持架, 兜孔间隙, 打滑特性

Abstract: It is an inevitable phenomenon that the skidding of deep groove ball bearings during operation, which will accelerate bearing wear, reduce rotation accuracy, and cause severe vibration and noise. In order to reveal the skidding mechanism of bearings, the parameters of cage pocket clearance are introduced. The interaction between rolling elements and cage units, rolling elements and raceways, and cage units are analyzed. The skidding dynamic model of deep groove ball bearing is developed. Based on the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method, the dynamic differential equations are solved, the simulation signals of the model are obtained, and the simulation results of the model are analyzed. The effects of different rotational speeds, radial loads, equivalent stiffness between flexible cage units, and cage pocket clearance on the sliding speed between inner ring and rolling elements and cage slip ratio are studied. The results show that high speed and low load will aggravate the skidding of the bearing. Increasing the equivalent stiffness between flexible cage units or reducing the cage pocket clearance can reduce the skidding of the bearing. However, neglecting the cage pocket clearance leads to more severe skid behavior. The study provides a theoretical basis for the structural design and failure analysis of deep groove ball bearings.

Key words: deep groove ball bearing, dynamic modeling, cage, pocket clearance, skidding characteristics

中图分类号:

TH133.3

罗伟, 剡昌锋, 刘耀峰, 田宇, 陈旺龙. 考虑保持架兜孔间隙的深沟球轴承打滑动力学建模与仿真分析[J]. 兰州理工大学学报, 2025, 51(5): 29-36.

LUO Wei, YAN Chang-feng, LIU Yao-feng, TIAN Yu, CHEN Wang-long. Skidding dynamic modeling and simulation analysis of deep groove ball bearing considering cage pocket clearance[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2025, 51(5): 29-36.

参考文献

[1] 金前冲,张庆,罗军,等.滚动轴承打滑试验研究进展 [J].机床与液压,2019,47(22):165-168.
[2] 张涛.高速球轴承打滑研究进展 [J].轴承,2021,11:10-15.
[3] 韩勤锴,褚福磊.角接触滚动轴承打滑预测模型 [J].振动工程学报,2017,30(3):357-366.
[4] 涂文兵,杨锦雯,罗丫,等.转速波动工况滚动轴承打滑动力学特性分析 [J].振动、测试与诊断,2018,38(6):1193-1198.
[5] 涂文兵,何海斌,罗丫,等.滚动轴承稳定工况下的滚动体打滑动力学分析 [J].振动与冲击,2019,38(6):94-99.
[6] KANG J X,LU Y J,ZHANG Y F,et al.Investigation on the skidding dynamic response of rolling bearing with local defect under elastohydrodynamic lubrication [J].Mechanics and Industry,2019,20(6):615-628.
[7] 王凯,剡昌锋,王风涛,等.深沟球轴承复合故障动力学特征 [J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2020,52(1):133-140.
[8] YAN P F,YAN C F,WANG K,et al.5-DOF dynamic modeling of rolling bearing with local defect considering comprehensive stiffness under isothermal elastohydrodynamic lubrication [J].Shock and Vibration,2020,2020:9310278.
[9] LI J N,CHEN W,XIE Y B.Experimental study on skid damage of cylindrical roller bearing considering thermal effect [J].Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers,Part J:Journal of Engineering Tribology,2014,228(10):1036-1046.
[10] HAN Q K,LI X L,CHU F L.Skidding behavior of cylindrical roller bearings under time-variable load conditions [J].International Journal of Mechanical Sciences,2018,135:203-214.
[11] TU W B,YU W N,SHAO Y M,et al.A nonlinear dynamic vibration model of cylindrical roller bearing considering skidding [J].Nonlinear Dynamics,2021,103(3):2299-2313.
[12] LIU Y Q,CHEN Z G,TANG L,et al.Skidding dynamic performance of rolling bearing with cage flexibility under accelerating conditions [J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2021,150:107257.
[13] ZHAO D T,HONG J,YAN K,et al.Dynamic interaction between the rolling element and cage of rolling bearing considering cage flexibility and clearance [J].Mechanism and Machine Theory,2022,174:104905.
[14] ZHAN L W,MA F,LI Z H,et al.Study on the cage slip of rolling bearing using a non-contact method [J].Structural Health Monitoring,2020,19(6): 2107-2121.
[15] 景新,曹宏瑞,陈雪峰.保持架打滑对航空发动机主轴承故障特征频率的影响 [J].航空动力学报,2019,34(5):1145-1152.
[16] GAO S,CHATTERTON S,NALDI L,et al.Ball bearing skidding and over-skidding in large-scale angular contact ball bearings:nonlinear dynamic model with thermal effects and experimental results [J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Processing,2021,147:107120.
[17] HARRIS T A,KOTZALAS M N.滚动轴承分析:第5版 [M].罗继伟,译.北京:机械工业出版社,2009.