Abstract: A mathematical model for predicting the mechanical hammering force on the surface deformation of a workpiece was developed using 6061 aluminum alloy as the research object. LS-Dyna finite element analysis was performed on the model, and a mechanical hammering device consisting of an industrial robot and a voice coil motor was built to investigate the effect of hammering force on the surface deformation and hardness of the workpiece, and then the theoretical model was verified and modified. The results showed that the surface deformation of the workpiece increases with the increase of hammering force, and the FEM simulation results are similar to the prediction results of the mathematical model with an average error of 9.05%; further analysis of the experimental results of single-point hammering shows that the correction coefficient of the hammering model is 0.7. Meanwhile, the surface hardness is the higher when the hammering force is the larger, and the surface hardness of the workpiece increases by 90.45% when the hammering force is 69 N.

Key words: mechanical hammering, hammering modeling, LS-Dyna analysis, surface hardness