Kinetic behavior of lithium storage in ferric phosphide doped sulfide polyacrylonitrile

Abstract

Abstract: Fe-phosphide doped sulfide polyacrylonitrile (FeP@SPAN) was synthesized by high-temperature phosphating. The P—S chemical coordination constructed in FeP@SPAN enhances the compatibility between the HOMO level of the nucleophile S^2－ and the LUMO level of the electrophilic reagent Li⁺ during the discharge process, reduces the bonding orbital σ level of the reduction product Li₂S, and speeds up the kinetic behavior of lithium storage reaction in the positive electrode. The phase structure, electrochemical properties, and effects of FeP@SPAN cathode material on redox kinetics during battery operation were investigated. The results showed that FeP is connected with SPAN through the P—S bond, and the influence of FeP on the morphology of SPAN can be ignored. FeP@SPAN, as the positive electrode of the battery, effectively improves the conductivity of the battery, reduces the impedance of the positive electrode, alleviates the dissolution of polysulfide, and improves the redox kinetics. Compared with the initial SPAN positive electrode, the FeP@SPAN positive battery has an initial capacity of 1 285.8 mAh/g at A current density of 0.2 A/g, and can still maintain the capacity of 615.2 mAh/g after 500 cycles at1 A/g current density with the average capacity attenuation per cycle of 0.079%.

Key words: FeP, Lithium-organic sulfur battery, electrochemical performance

CLC Number:

TB34

LIU Wen-wu, XU Zhi-qiang, LEI Yi-xiao, ZHENG Ya-wen, DA Shi-ji, WU You-zhi. Kinetic behavior of lithium storage in ferric phosphide doped sulfide polyacrylonitrile[J]. Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology, 2023, 49(5): 10-19.

References

[1] SONG J,XU T,GORDIN M L,et al.Nitrogen-doped mesoporous carbon promoted chemical adsorption of sulfur and fabrication of high-area-capacity sulfur cathode with exceptional cycling stability for lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Advanced Functional Materials,2014,24(9):1243-1250.
[2] WANG Y,GUO H,LUO X,et al.Nonsiliceous mesoporous materials: design and applications in energy conversion and storage [J].Small,2019,15(32):1805277.
[3] 范影强,陈秀娟,王琳琳,等.水热法制备纳米SnO₂电极材料及其储锂性能 [J].兰州理工大学学报,2022,48(5):15-20.
[4] HE J,MANTHIRAM A.A review on the status and challenges of electrocatalysts in lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Energy Storage Materials,2019,20: 55-70.
[5] YU M,ZHOU S,WANG Z,et al.Accelerating polysulfide redox conversion on bifunctional electrocatalytic electrode for stable Li-S batteries [J].Energy Storage Materials,2019,20:98-107.
[6] 王丕涛,武丽丽,陈鑫国,等.MOF基多孔炭的制备及其在超级电容器中的应用 [J].兰州理工大学学报,2022,48(5):21-29.
[7] HU Y,LI B,JIAO X,et al.Stable cycling of phosphorus anode for sodium-ion batteries through chemical bonding with sulfurized polyacrylonitrile [J].Advanced Functional Materials,2018,28(23):1801010.
[8] RAZZAQ A A,YUAN X,CHEN Y,et al.Anchoring MOF-derived CoS₂ on sulfurized polyacrylonitrile nanofibers for high areal capacity lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2020,8(3):1298-1306.
[9] ZHANG L,WAN F,CAO H,et al.Integration of binary active sites: Co₃V₂O₈ as polysulfide traps and catalysts for lithium-sulfur battery with superior cycling stability [J].Small,2020,16(18):1907153.
[10] HUANG F,JIE Y,LI X,et al.Correlation between Li plating morphology and reversibility of Li metal anode [J].Acta Physico-Chimica Sinica,2021,37(1):2008081.
[11] YAN Y,ZHAO B,YI S C,et al.Assembling pore-rich FeP nanorods on the CNT backbone as an advanced electrocatalyst for oxygen evolution [J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2016,4(33):13005-13010.
[12] LIU R,GU S,DU H,et al.Controlled synthesis of FeP nanorod arrays as highly efficient hydrogen evolution cathode [J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(41):17263-17267.
[13] SON C Y,KWAK I H,LIM Y R,et al.FeP and FeP₂ nanowires for efficient electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction [J].Chemical Communications,2016,52(13):2819-2822.
[14] WANG X,QIAN Y,WANG L,et al.Sulfurized polyacrylonitrile cathodes with high compatibility in both ether and carbonate electrolytes for ultrastable lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Advanced Functional Materials,2019,29(39):1902929.
[15] WEI S,MA L,HENDRICKSON K E,et al.Metal-sulfur battery cathodes based on PAN-sulfur composites [J].Journal of the American Chemical Society,2015,137(37):12143-12152.
[16] HUANG X,LIU J,HUANG Z,et al.Flexible free-standing sulfurized polyacrylonitrile electrode for stable Li/Na storage [J].Electrochimica Acta,2020,333:135493.
[17] ZHANG S S.Understanding of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile for superior performance lithium/sulfur battery [J].Energies,2014,7(7):4588-4600.
[18] WANG L,CHEN X,LI S,et al.Effect of eutectic accelerator in selenium-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile for high performance room temperature sodium-sulfur batteries [J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2019,7(20):12732-12739.
[19] JIN Z Q,LIU Y G,WANG W K,et al.A new insight into the lithium storage mechanism of sulfurized polyacrylonitrile with no solubleintermediates [J].Energy Storage Materials,2018,14:272-278.
[20] YU X G,XIE J Y,YANG J,et al.Lithium storage in conductive sulfur-containing polymers [J].Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry,2004,573(1):121-128.
[21] MA S,ZHANG Z,WANG Y,et al.Iodine-doped sulfurized polyacrylonitrile with enhanced electrochemical performance for lithium sulfur batteries in carbonate electrolyte [J].Chemical Engineering Journal,2021,418:129410.
[22] ZHAO M,PENG H J,LI B Q,et al.Electrochemical phase evolution of metal-based pre-catalysts for high-rate polysulfide conversion [J].Angewandte Chemie,2020,132(23):9096-9102.
[23] ZHANG X,CHEN K,SUN Z,et al.Structure-related electrochemical performance of organosulfur compounds for lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Energy Environmental Science,2020,13(4):1076-1095.
[24] ZHAO Y,WEI J,VAJTAI R,et al.Iodine doped carbon nanotube cables exceeding specific electrical conductivity of metals [J].Scientific Reports,2011,1(1):83.
[25] ZHANG Y,LIU S,LI G,et al.Sulfur/polyacrylonitrile/carbon multi-composites as cathode materials for lithium/sulfur battery in the concentrated electrolyte [J].Journal of Materials Chemistry A,2014,2(13):4652-4659.
[26] QIN Q,JANG H,LI P,et al.A tannic acid-derived N-,P-codoped carbon-supported iron-based nanocomposite as an advanced trifunctional electrocatalyst for the overall water splitting cells and zinc-air batteries [J].Advanced Energy Materials,2019,9(5):1803312.
[27] BOYJOO Y,SHI H,OLSSON E,et al.Molecular-level design of pyrrhotite electrocatalyst decorated hierarchical porous carbon spheres as nanoreactors for lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Advanced Energy Materials,2020,10(20):2000651.
[28] QI C,LI H,WANG J,et al.Metal-organic-framework-derived porous carbon embedded with TiO₂ nanoparticles as a cathode for advanced Lithium-sulfur batteries [J].Chem Electro Chem,2021,8(1):90-95.
[29] 寇元哲,刘浩锐,赵磊. 硝酸改性碳微球的制备及电化学性能 [J].兰州理工大学学报,2022,48(4):30-35.
[30] ZHOU J,QIAN T,XU N,et al.Selenium-doped cathodes for Lithium-organosulfur batteries with greatly improved volumetric capacity and coulombic efficiency [J].Advanced Materials,2017,29(33):1701294.
[31] CHEN X,LI C,TANG Y,et al.Integrated optimization of cutting tool and cutting parameters in face milling for minimizing energy footprint and production time [J].Energy,2019,175:1021-1037.
[32] ZHANG X Q,CHENG X B,CHEN X,et al.Fluoroethylene carbonate additives to render uniform Li deposits in lithium metal batteries [J].Advanced Functional Materials,2017,27(10):1605989.
[33] XIAO P,BU F,YANG G,et al.Integration of graphene,nano sulfur,and conducting polymer into compact,flexible lithium-sulfur battery cathodes with ultrahigh volumetric capacity and superior cycling stability for foldable devices [J].Advanced Materials,2017,29(40):1703324.