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Analysis of thrust and velocity variation of permanent magnet synchronous linear motor under variable load SHEN Hao, ZHANG Wang, TAN Wei-rong, DANG Sheng-hui Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2021, 47 (2): 54-59.   Abstract （681）      PDF（pc） （1152KB）（1210）       Knowledge map    Save Taking the permanent magnetic synchronous linear motor as the research object, its force was analyzed; mathematical model was established, and the simulation model of the linear motor by using Matlab/Simulink in order to study the thrust and speed change of the linear motor when different loads are applied. The results show that with the increase of the workpiece’s mass, the state response time and maximum deviation of the linear motor increased; the response time curve of the speed is flat; the response time curve of thrust changed obviously; the overshoot curve of thrust increase flatly; the overshoot curve of velocity increased stably, the overshoot curve of speed is obvious.When the quality of the workpiece is 240 kg, the over-adjusting amount of motor speed exceeds 30%, which seriously affects the operation of the motor. In order to reduce the effect of load change on linear motor stability, the maximum load quality and maximum motor thrust are calculated. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A machine learning methods for identifying the properties of Chinese medicinal materials from infrared spectrum data TIAN Chun-ting, ZHAO Ning, QIN Jian-wei, MENG Xiao-feng Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (3): 55-59.   Abstract （307）      PDF（pc） （2953KB）（710）       Knowledge map    Save There are great differences in the characteristics of near-infrared and mid-infrared spectra of different kinds of traditional Chinese medicine. Due to the different chemical components such as inorganic elements and organic substances, even if the origin of the same traditional Chinese medicine is different, the labeling effect under near-infrared and mid-infrared spectral irradiation will have different spectral characteristics which can be used to classify Chinese herbal medicine and identify the origin of Chinese herbal medicine. With the help of MATLAB software tool and K-means clustering algorithm in SPSS classification tool, unsupervised machine learning is carried out on traditional Chinese medicine to classify traditional Chinese medicine; Using SPSS neural network multilayer perceptron and the random forest algorithm provided by Python language, 70% of the data set is used as the training set and 30% as the verification set to train the supervised machine learning model which is finally used to identify and predict the origin of traditional Chinese medicine. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Influence of high rate charge and discharge cycle on the electronic performance and thermal safety of lithium ion battery LI Dong-qi, ZHANG Qing-song, ZHENG Shao-shuai Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (3): 30-35.   Abstract （459）      PDF（pc） （2624KB）（654）       Knowledge map    Save Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in electric vehicles and various energy storage devices. In this paper, cyclic aging and thermal runaway experiments under different charge-discharge rates were carried out, and the effects of large-rate charging and discharging on the performance and thermal safety of single lithium-ion batteries were studied. The results showed that the actual capacity of single lithium-ion battery is attenuated under the large-rate charge-discharge cycle, and the degree of attenuation is positively relevant to the charge-discharge rate. With the charge-discharge rate increasing, the constant current ratio is stepwise attenuation, but the coulombic efficiency still maintains in the range of 99%-100%, indicating that the reversible performance of lithium-ion batteries is normal. With the increase of the magnification, the thermal runaway trigger time, explosion pressure and jet flame temperature first increase and then decrease. The average surface temperature of the battery during explosion is 655.8 ℃, which is close to the melting point of aluminum. The explosion injection powder products are mainly metal aluminum, graphite and lithium cobalt oxide. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Fatigue strength analysis of high-strength bolts for tower flange of wind turbine LIANG Yuan, WANG You-liang, WEI Tai, LIU Jian-hui Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (2): 65-69.   Abstract （250）      PDF（pc） （1391KB）（637）       Knowledge map    Save An analysis method for high-strength bolts of wind turbine tower flange was established by considering the influence of external load on fatigue damage. Firstly, the maximum load section was determined with the aid of the tower equivalent model according to the damage parameters of the stress state on the connection section. Secondly, the external load on any sector of the tower was obtained by Schmidt-Neuper algorithm. Afterwards, the fatigue damage distribution model of high-strength bolts was established and the relationship between the external load and the internal stress of high-strength bolts was explored based on the finite element model. Finally, the optimal bolt pretightening force was determined with comparing the fatigue cumulative damage values with different bolt pretightening forces by considering the influence of pretightening forces. The results show that the positions of the maximum fatigue cumulative damage of flange bolts were －4.17° and 175.87°, and the bolt pretightening force was the most suitable value when the bolt pretightening force ratio was 70%. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on noise addition and precision analysis in differential privacy WANG Xiao-shi, KANG Hai-yan Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (3): 94-103.   Abstract （269）      PDF（pc） （2751KB）（595）       Knowledge map    Save Differential privacy, as a definition of privacy protection with a strong mathematical background and rigorous mathematical derivation, has received great attention and has been widely studied. However, up to now, there is a lack of strict and clear proof and derivation processes for the definition of differential privacy and the basic mechanism used in China, which makes it difficult for scholars to get started. Therefore, in this paper, the Laplace and exponential mechanism in differential privacy are analyzed in detail by means of analysis, proof, and application examples, and a complete mathematical derivation process and application examples are given to address this gap. It is pointed out that there is a problem of excessive scaling in the accuracy formula of the Laplace and exponential mechanism. After proving the accuracy formula of Laplace and the exponential mechanism, the reason why this paper considers excessive scaling is given. It is not difficult to conclude from experiments that the Laplace mechanism precision formula and the exponential mechanism precision formula are formulas with an excessive range of accuracy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Cleaning and modeling of abnormal data of wind farm power curve CAO Li-xin, LIU Wei-min, GUO Hu-quan Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2022, 48 (4): 64-70.   Abstract （469）      PDF（pc） （3178KB）（764）       Knowledge map    Save The wind speed and power data of wind farms usually contain a large number of abnormal data, which is difficult to reflect the real working conditions of wind turbines, affect the accuracy of wind power prediction, and then cause certain economic losses. To solve this problem, the characteristics of abnormal data are analyzed, a slip-quartile abnormal data elimination method is proposed, and the wind speed power curve of the eliminated data is modeled by using high-order polynomial and Logistic function. Finally, the applicability and effectiveness of this method are verified by variance, root means square error and determination coefficient. The analysis in the example shows that the method is simple, efficient and versatile, and can significantly improve the accuracy of wind turbine power characteristic analysis. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Design of virtual and real interactive monitoring system for CNC machine tools based on digital twins HUANG Hua, LI Jia-ran, LI Dian-lun Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (1): 36-43.   Abstract （423）      PDF（pc） （5660KB）（612）       Knowledge map    Save Aiming at the problem that the actual operating status of CNC machine tools is not directly reflected by traditional monitoring technology and virtual simulation technology, a virtual-real interactive monitoring system for CNC machine tools based on digital twins technology is designed by combining the new generation of information technology and the concept of digital twins. In addition, taking a CNC machine tool as example, the system architecture and related functions are first designed through Portal software. Based on that, the information collected by the sensor is transmitted to the system through PLC and Ethernet for analog conversion; and the digital twins data in the system is connected with the digital twins to realize the reception and transmission of information, then the combination of virtual and real are completed through OPC-DA. Finally, this method is used to monitor the vibration signal of the machine tool in real time and design a remote control panel. The experimental results show that the system using the virtual-real interactive monitoring system and digital twins of the CNC machine tool to double monitor the machining process can reflect the actual operating status of the machine tool more effectively and intuitively. Meanwhile the digital twins is virtually controlled by the virtual-real interactive monitoring system, and the application field of digital twins technology is further expanded. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic output feedback control of cyber-physical systems under false data injection attacks ZHU Chao-qun, ZHU Yi-rong Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (1): 74-82.   Abstract （256）      PDF（pc） （1259KB）（622）       Knowledge map    Save In this paper, an H-infinity dynamic output feedback control strategy with attack defense ability is investigated to deal with the problem of security control of cyber-physical system (CPS) under false data injection (FDI) attacks, which is taken as a special kind of external disturbance. Firstly, the effect of FDI attacks in the measurement channel and random time-delay on the communication network is considered, and a closed-loop system model with FDI attack, random time-delay, and external disturbance is established. Secondly, the sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop system under FDI attacks are derived based on the Lyapunov stability theory, and then the design scheme of H-infinity dynamic output feedback controller by utilizing linear matrix inequality technology is presented. Finally, a simulation example is given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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General model for kinematic analysis of swash plate axial piston pump WANG Jian-sen, CAO Wei-dong, HE Xin-long, WANG Zheng-rong, ZHANG Zhi-wei Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2021, 47 (5): 59-64.   Abstract （546）      PDF（pc） （3701KB）（775）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the comprehensive consideration of swash plate angle, cross angle and piston inclination angle of the swash plate axial piston pump, the general piston kinematics model is established by coordinate transformation method. The analysis results show that the cross angle of swash plate and the inclination angle of piston will increase the maximum amplitudes of displacement, velocity and acceleration of piston, and then increase the displacement of pump, the maximum transient flow velocity in the piston chamber and the inertia force of piston; the cross angle of swash plate will change the phase of piston movement and make the internal and external dead points deflect, which will change the pre-compression and pre-expansion angle of valve plate; the inclination angle of piston will affect the movement of the piston, the smaller the inclination angle of the plunger, the closer the movement of the plunger is to the simple harmonic motion, on the contrary, the larger the deviation is, the maximum deflection angle of internal and external dead center is 90°, the smaller the absolute value of the cross angle is, the smaller the deflection angle of internal and external dead center changes in the range of big swash plate angle, and the greater the gradient of change when swash plate angle is close to zero displacement. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of impeller exit width on performance and pressure fluctuation of centrifugal pump ZHAO Wei-guo, ZHAI Li-jing, XIAN Li-xia, MA Liang-liang Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2020, 46 (2): 62-68.   Abstract （814）      PDF（pc） （6499KB）（853）       Knowledge map    Save Taking a single-stage end-suction centrifugal pump as study object and assuring the inlet and outlet setting angle and diameter and as well as other parameters unchanged, five sets of pump models with different outlet width of impeller were designed respectively, their numerical simulation was carried out one after another and the influence of impeller outlet width on the performance and pressure fluctuation was analyzed. It was shown by the study result that with the increase of impeller outlet width, the lift and shaft power would increase to different extent, the efficiency curve would be hump shaped, indicating that there would be an optimum impeller outlet width to make the flow loss minimum; increasing the width of the impeller outlet, flow separation phenomenon in flow channel would be enhanced, blocking phenomenon there would decrease hydraulic loss would decrease thereby, indicating that an appropriate width of impeller outlet would be effective for reducing the energy loss of centrifugal pump. With progressive decrease of impeller outlet width, the shaft frequency peak would change obviously, assuming progressive increase trend, indicating that an excessive narrow impeller outlet width would easily lead to flow blocking in flow passage and hinder the development of the flow mode, At the same time, the impeller outlet width would also have a greater effect on pressure pulsation in centrifugal pump. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Effect of ultrasonic treatment on microstructure and properties of degradable Zn-0.5Sr alloy LIU Jian-jun, ZHANG Peng-tao, ZHAO Zhi-xin, ZHANG Jiao, LI Qing-lin, DING Yu-tian Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2024, 50 (1): 1-9.   Abstract （163）      PDF（pc） （6577KB）（332）       Knowledge map    Save The effects of different ultrasonic power (0,300,600,900 W) on the microstructure and corrosion properties of Zn-0.5Sr alloy were studied. The results show that the SrZn 13 phase in the as-cast Zn-0.5Sr alloy changes from coarse polygon to fine block after ultrasonic treatment.Compared with the untreated alloy, the electrochemicalcorrosion rate of the alloy increases from 2.078±0.141 mm/a to 5.747±0.390 mm/a when the ultrasonic power is 600 W.The immersion corrosion rates of Zn-0.5Sr alloy after 15 and 30 days are0.090±0.002 1、0.074±0.001 9 mm/a, respectively, which are 1.88 times and 1.95 times higher than that of the untreated alloy. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Thermodynamical analysis of TiN precipitation in 21Cr ultra pure ferrite stainless steel SHENG Jie, WEI Jia-fu, MENG Ya-hui, LI Yu-feng, MA Guo-cai, LA Pei-qing Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2023, 49 (5): 1-9.   Abstract （299）      PDF（pc） （2905KB）（480）       Knowledge map    Save Number density and size distribution of non-metallic inclusion have important influences on processability and service behaviors of steel. The numerical modeling of TiN precipitation condition in 21Cr ultra-pure ferrite stainless steel was solved based on the basic solidification theory. Thermodynamic and kinetic formation conditions and precipitation laws of TiN were investigated theoretically. The findings showed that TiN is precipitated free in molten steel. Ti and N elements solute segregation occurs on the solid/liquid interface in the processing of solidification, which promote TiN precipitation starting as f s=0.15. The precipitate size of TiN is affected by Ti, N content, and cooling rate. TiN radius can be reduced by decreasing the initial content of Ti, N and increasing the solidification cooling rate, Ti, N element contents are more sensitive to the effect of TiN size, so the timing of the precipitation of TiN inclusions during solidification can be significantly delayed by reducing the initial content of N in molten steel. Therefore, the addition amount of Ti in molten steel can be adjusted to make the quantity and size of TiN more reasonable in manufacture. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Experimental study of heat loss of heat storage tank in solar heating system of northwest region LI Jin-ping, LIU Run, CUI Wei-dong, HUANG Juan-juan, WANG Chuan-long Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2020, 46 (4): 67-72.   Abstract （312）      PDF（pc） （877KB）（700）       Knowledge map    Save Taking the solar heating system in an 117.07 m 2 northwest China as investigation object and the day of December 15 th as an example, it is concluded that the heat loss of heat storage tank occurs mainly during the natural cooling period, the total heat loss of the heat storage tank is 9.49 MJ when its daily total heat loss coefficient is 5.68 W/℃. Then the test data of other 11 typical days is chosen to carry out the fitting of several factors of influence on total heatloss coefficient and total heat loss of the heat storage tank. It is shown that the total heat loss of the heat storage tank will be influenced by the ambient temperature and outdoor wind speed, leading to the change of the temperature of the heat storage tank. Decrease of every 1 ℃ of average ambient temperature will increase the total heat loss of heat storage tank by 0.067 MJ and the increase of every 1 m/s of outdoor wind speed will increase the total heat loss of the heat storage tank by 0.042 MJ, The increase of temperature of 1 ℃ of heat storage tank will increase the total heat loss of heat storage tank by 0.068 MJ. The increase of the temperature of 1 ℃ of heat storage tank will increas the total heat loss of the heat storage tank by 1.641 MJ. Aimed at the analysis of heat loss of heat storage tank and the present situation of indoor thermal environment, it is presented that a suggestion on indoor location of heat storage tank can be taken into consideration to enhance the heat storage capacity of heat storage tank and improve the indoor comfortableness of the building. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Structural design and modeling simulation of standing-to-lying changing angle swing head of five-faced body machining center YAN Chang-feng, LI Hui-long, LI Qiang, GAO Gang-gang, GOU Wei-dong Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2020, 46 (2): 35-40.   Abstract （413）      PDF（pc） （4323KB）（850）       Knowledge map    Save Aimed at the problem of five-face body machining center that the transmission chain was excessive long and unfavorable for improving the machining accuracy in the case of standing-to-lying change, a novel project of angle swing head for standing-to-lying change was proposed. In this project, the measure of transmission was dropped, where the angle swing head employed individual set of power supply for cutting power transmission and also for standing-to-lying change, and a simple set of power supply was used either for cutting power transmission or for standing-to-lying change, so that the transmission chain was contracted extremely. A three-dimensional mechanical structure model of the assembly of angle swing head, spindle and its key components was established with software SolidWorks. The software Romax was used to conduct the modelling of the driven system of the angle swing head, and the reliability of the driven system was analyzed under different working conditions. The result showed that under given operation conditions the design of the drive system would be reasonable and the operational reliability would meet the design requirements. To ensure rigidity and stability of the standing-to-lying change spindle of angle swing head, the modality analysis was carried out by using the ABAQUS. The result showed that the spindle would not resonate within the range of rated operating speed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Centrality algorithm of complex network based on neighborhood betweenness entropy and neighborhood degree entropy LU Peng-li, ZHOU Geng Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2021, 47 (4): 91-98.   Abstract （309）      PDF（pc） （2297KB）（590）       Knowledge map    Save Identifying the important nodes of complex network is always the key point of complex network research, and also the important theoretical basis of network stability determination. The commonly used central indicators to identify the important nodes include the centrality of the betweenness, the centrality of the degree, the centrality of the eigenvector and the centrality of K-core. These indicators have some limitations in identifying the important nodes. In order to solve the above problems, the neighbor node set is divided into two parts: the related neighbor node set ( M R) and the unrelated neighbor node set ( M UR). Based on the characteristics of graph entropy, a new information entropy NBE and NDE are proposed. Combined with NBE and NDE, new centrality RNC and URNC are proposed. In the experiment, dynamic attack is used to evaluate the efficiency of the new centrality index on one experimental network model and five real networks. By comparison, the new centrality is more efficient than the traditional centrality in identifying important nodes. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on calculation method of active earth pressure for limited soils ZHU Yan-peng, WEI Peng-yun, MA Xiao-rui, LI Geng, LIU Xin Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2020, 46 (2): 133-137.   Abstract （441）      PDF（pc） （2711KB）（821）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the sliding plane hypothesis of Coulomb’s earth pressure theory and the limit equilibrium theory, a modified formulation for active earth pressure is derived according to the relationship between limited soils’ width b 0 (a distance between a supporting structure and an existing building) and triangular sliding wedge’s width b. Assumptions of formulation are that the limited soil is in horizontal and the support structure is in vertical. In addition, the formulation takes into account not only the adhesion between the supporting structure and soils but also the cohesion between the static soils and sliding soils. It is then analyzed that the impact of the external friction angle as well as the adhesion between the supporting structure and soils on the sliding soil mass’ cracking angle (failure angle of sliding soils) and active earth pressure. A viewpointabout generalized active earth pressure coefficient is also put forward in this paper. All results gaining from our calculated examples show that the formulation becomes more effective in practices. Evidently, taking the impact of the external friction angle into account in the formulation will reduce cost indeed. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Dynamic output feedback control of networked system with communication constraints ZHU Chao-qun, LI Liu-yang, JIN Hui Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2021, 47 (1): 83-90.   Abstract （230）      PDF（pc） （1124KB）（667）       Knowledge map    Save In this paper, the design of dynamic output feedback controller in networked control systems is studied for a class of networked control systems with access constraints and time-varying delays. Considering that the media access constraint obeys Markov distribution and the upper bound of time-varying delay is less than one sampling period, the networked control system should be built into a kind of uncertain time-discrete Markov jump system in modeling of the system. According to the Lyapunov stability theory and the state augmentation method, the sufficient conditions for the asymptotic stability of the closed-loop networked control system are therefore given, and a dynamic output feedback controller may be designed to make the closed-loop system asymptotically stable. Finally, a numerical example is provided to demonstrate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed modeling method. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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A optical fiber sensing monitoring device for reinforcement corrosion in concrete structures LI Zhong, CUI Hong, WANG Hong-xing, ZHANG Xi Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2021, 47 (4): 111-115.   Abstract （233）      PDF（pc） （1711KB）（677）       Knowledge map    Save Steel corrosion is becoming the main factor that affects the durability of reinforced concrete structures. The volume expansion of steel bar after corrosion causes the cover to crack gradually, which reduces structure performance and affects structural durability. Based on the corrosion expansion principle of steel bars in reinforced concrete structures and the principle of fiber grating strain sensing technology, a new corrosion monitoring device for steel bars is proposed and designed. According to the relationship between FBG wavelength and corrosion rate of steel bar, reinforced concrete specimens were made and accelerated test was carried out. Finally, ABAQUS finite element software is used to carry out numerical simulation with the experimental results, and the simulation results are in good agreement with the test results. The test results show that the new steel corrosion sensor can effectively monitor the corrosion degree of steel bars and realize the whole process monitoring of concrete cover cracking. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Preparation and adsorption properties of corncob based biochar WEI Hui-ge, LI Dai-yuan, MA Jun-hui, ZHOU Deng-feng, CUI Da-peng Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2020, 46 (6): 77-84.   Abstract （760）      PDF（pc） （2593KB）（673）       Knowledge map    Save Using agricultural waste corncob as raw material, biochar with low cost and high performance was prepared by hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) at different temperatures. The biochar has mesoporous structure and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups on its surface, such as —OH, C ==O, C—O and so on. Methylene blue (MB) was used as model adsorbent to further study the adsorption properties of the biochar. Results from the study of adsorption kinetics show that the adsorption behavior is in accordance with the pseudo second-order kinetics model, and the biochar obtained under the hydrothermal condition of 225 ℃ has the maximum adsorption capacity (41.37 mg/g) and the maximum adsorption rate. The adsorption equilibrium data agree well with the Langmuir isotherm model, indicating that the adsorption of MB on biochar belongs to monolayer adsorption, and the interaction between oxygen-containing functional groups on the surface of the biochar and the MB molecule is helpful to the adsorption process. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics

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Spatiotemporal evolution of turbulence structure in wake ofhorizontal-axis wind turbine LI De-shun, HU Jin-sen, YU Jia-xin, GUO Tao, JIAO Xuan-ping, LI Ren-nian Journal of Lanzhou University of Technology    2020, 46 (3): 64-69.   Abstract （268）      PDF（pc） （2002KB）（642）       Knowledge map    Save Based on the analysis method of wavelet transformation and incorporated with actuating line model and large eddy simulation, the spatiotemporal evolution of the turbulence structure of wake of a 33 kW horizontal-axis wind turbine was investigated. It was found by the investigation that with the increase of the distance from the rotor rotation plane, the average velocity of wake at each measurement point would decrease first and then gradually increase, the amplitude of the velocity fluctuation would exhibit a decreasing trend; within the region of 7 times of rotor diameter behind the wind turbine, the flow velocity curve would have a pronounced periodicity, reflecting that the passing frequency of the shed vortex was 1.8 Hz, twice as high as the rotation frequency of the wind turbine. The frequency of appearance of blade tip vortices at the measuring point of unit rotor diameter behind the rotor would be from 0.78 to 25.00 Hz, the passing time of the formed vortex tube over the measurement point would be approximately 0.32 s, and the diameter of the vortex tube would be approximately 1.83 m. A low-frequency turbulence structure with frequency from 0.15 to 0.78 Hz would appear at the measuring point of 3-fold rotor diameter from the rotor; the frequency range of blade tip vortex at measuring point of 7-fold rotor diameter from the rotor would be from 1.56 to 25.00 Hz, which was greatly reduced when compared with the case of foregoing blade tip vortex. At the measurement point of 8-fold rotor diameter from the rotor, the vortex tube shape of blade tip vortex similar to that in near wake region would disappear; the blade tip vortex at the measuring point of 9-fold rotor dimeter from the rotor would dissipate almost completely. Reference | Related Articles | Metrics